british army of the rhine bases
Daily expenditure of ammunition soon exceeded a trainload, so the non-arrival of even one train meant that ammunition had to be drawn from the Second Army roadhead at Bourg Leopold. british army of the rhine bases. WO2 Served from 1974 - 1994 Served in British Army of the Rhine. Pipelines were now constructed from Calais to Ghent, and thence to the storage facilities around Antwerp. A. During the Great War (1914-1918) approximately 900,000 men, a quarter of the whole Army. [26], The headquarters of the 9th Line of Communications Area was transferred to Paris to assist the American Communications Zone with the move. It has been an honour to command this fantastic organisation doing its very best to support our people here in Germany. The United States and the Middle East, 1945-2001, World War II in the Mediterranean and Middle East. [27], On 10 February, the 5th Canadian Armoured Division loaded its 450 tanks and 320 Bren gun carriers on flat wagons in Rimini and Riccione, from whence they moved by rail to Leghorn. [2] The Cologne Post was a newspaper published for members of the BAOR during this period. [3], The 21st Army Group's campaign in North West Europe had commenced with Operation Overlord, the Allied landings in Normandy on D-Day, 6 June 1944. It was therefore decided that the floating bridges should be replaced by semi-permanent ones as soon as operational circumstances permitted. The former held 200 rounds per gun of medium and 250 rounds per gun of heavy artillery ammunition, while the latter held 200 rounds per gun of medium and 150 rounds per gun of heavy artillery ammunition. IF YOU WOULD PREFER TO STAY ANONYMOUS OR KEEP ALL CONTENTS PRIVATE PLEASE STATE THIS CLEARLY ON SUBMISSION: All rights reserved. [92] There was an additional allocation of 5,100 tonnes (5,000 long tons) of road transport for the drive to the Baltic Sea on 26 April, and another 2,700 tonnes (2,700 long tons) was received by the end of the month. The second British Army on the Rhine was formed on 25 August 1945 from 21st Army Group. The Kangaroo armoured personnel carriers and the Buffalo tracked amphibious vehicles of the 79th Armoured Division were overhauled between January and March. The two corps stocked their FMCs by road, but the completion of repairs to the 1,222-metre (4,008ft) bridge over the Maas at Gennep by the 7th Army Troops Engineers on 20 March relieved the pressure on the one at Grave, and it became possible to move the railhead to within the No. 10 Army Roadhead. 166 FMC was developed from one formerly established there by the VIII Corps, although it had to be expanded as XXX Corps had over 200,000 troops under its command for Operation Veritable. Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend. The next major operation was Operation Plunderthe assault crossing of the Rhine. Disbandment of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR) and Royal Air Force Germany (RAFG) in 1994, following the end of the Cold War and the Options for Change defence review in the early 1990s, reduced the strength of the British Armed Forces in Germany by almost 30,000 with just one division (1st Armoured) remaining by the late 1990s, [7] Menu Search. The Operation Pluto Dumbo pipeline was now in operation. [12] The two central garrisons - Gtersloh and Paderborn - combined to form a single 'super garrison' called Westfalen Garrison in April 2014. The deployment of BAOR on the European Central Front was symbolic of British political intent vis--vis European security and was the military means by which Britain sought to deter a conventional or nuclear Warsaw Pact attack. [61] Up to seven trains per day were required to move the ammunition from the advance base to the ammunition railheads at No. It was estimated that six one-way class 40 and two one-way class 70 pile bridges would be needed. Sirs, Ladies and Gentlemen, Welcome to the website dedicated to the British Army of the Rhine, its locations, and those areas whilst not strictly within BAOR, that were vital to the operation of the theatre The Site is now approaching three years of age and much has happened in that time. [9], Under the 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review, it was decided that British military units would cease to be permanent deployed in Germany by the end of 2019. Since prompt clearance of the trains was essential to allow turnaround of the locomotives and rolling stock, vehicles had to be used to clear less urgently required supplies such as POL, coal and engineer stores. British army inner german border.jpg 1,941 1,368 . [79] Seven American combat engineer battalions assisted with road and bridge maintenance in the British Second Army area. [44] For security reasons, troop movements had to be conducted at night. There were doubts as to whether this need could be met, but the situation was eased by the fortuitous arrival of 4,700 tonnes (4,600 long tons) of ammunition that had been pre-loaded on some of the transport that had been allocated by the 21st Army Group. Whereas military considerations involved "questions of strategy, bases and force levels," the political response focused on the creation of defensive alliances. [16] However, some training will still be undertaken in Germany with regard to NATO capability. bases and force levels," the political response focused on the creation of defensive alliances. Although only 3,600 tonnes (3,500 long tons) of petrol was lost, POL storage tanks capable of holding 10,000 tonnes (10,000 long tons) were rendered unusable. By 9 February sections of the Nijmegen-Kranenburg road were under 46 centimetres (18in) of water. The best introduction to the regimental system of the British army. The following 12 files are in this category, out of 12 total. Britain and Her Army, 15091970: A Military, Political, and Social Survey. On 16 April XXX Corps sent its road transport back to the Rhine roadhead to collect the ammunition it needed to capture Bremen. If you can't find it - tell us, if you know something - tell us. Branch British Army. London: Bantam, 2009. Includes a chapter on the activation of BAOR and its composition throughout the Cold War against the background of government defense reviews. [44], Thus far in the campaign in North West Europe, XXX Corps had only served as part of the British Second Army, and it found that maintenance procedures of the First Canadian Army differed from what it had been used to due to the fact that the First Canadian Army's operations had been conducted where there had been adequate communications. All this week on Forces TV we are focusing on 'Rebasing' from Germany, as the countdown to drawdown steps up a gear. This brought the amount of road transport capacity under Second Army's control to 31,580 tonnes (31,080 long tons), which was reckoned to be the equivalent of 76 general transport companies. BRITISH ALLIES ARMY RAF. The second British Army of the Rhine was formed on 25 August 1945 from the British Liberation Army. For this the British Second Army deployed 1,520 field and medium guns, and the US Ninth Army . The Dumbo pipeline was extended from Boulogne to Antwerp in March. [19] He intended to make the main Allied effort in the north, in the 21st Army Group's sector. Captured German dumps held sufficient quantities of food for them, but they were not always easily accessible or distributable, so some had to be fed from 21st Army Group stocks, on a temporary ration scale of 1,100 calories (4,600J) per man per day. 167 FMC was handed over to it, and became No. Lorries then took them to the dispersal point at Renaix via Lyon and Dijon, guided by road markers that read "GF". SALUTE South London Warlords. British logistics in the Western Allied invasion of Germany was the support of Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery's Anglo-Canadian 21st Army Group and the RAF Second Tactical Air Force operations in the Second World War from 8 January 1945 until the end of the war in Europe on 8 May 1945. This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 08:31. Ron. Mallinson, Allan. [25] This was codenamed Operation Goldflake, and it involved the redeployment of the I Canadian Corps and British 5th Division from Italy to North West Europe. [47], The opening of a railway bridge over the Maas at Ravenstein on 4 February enabled the FMCs to be served by rail. By this time the system consisted of 1,811 kilometres (1,125mi) of pipelines and storage tanks with a capacity of 104,770 tonnes (103,120 long tons). Operation Plunder included an airborne operation, Operation Varsity, in which two airborne divisions were landed with a day's supply of food, fuel and petrol. This was after British forces personnel were scaled down over several years, with 19,100 in April 2010, and 2,850 in April 2019. In 1947 all Batteries except those of the Royal Horse Artillery were placed on a single roll. Preparations were made to move it to a new site, but this was not required. Mainstream histories of the British army have focused overwhelmingly on the myriad counterinsurgency operations in which it became involved after 1945 at the expense of the vital role played by the British Army of the Rhine in the nations deterrent posture. Post war First Corps District administered Rhine Province and Westphalia. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 1950s British Army Rhine Royal Artillery Soldiers sergeant officer etc 3.25*2.25 at the best online prices at eBay! Commanders in Chief. Initially, bulk POL was brought across the Rhine in tanker trucks at the rate of 1,000 tonnes (1,000 long tons) per day. On 4 May Montgomery took the surrender of the German forces in front of the 21st Army Group. [3] However, around 185 British Army personnel and 60 Ministry of Defence civilians will stay in Germany beyond 2020. [4], The remaining presence in Germany is known as British Army Germany. In turn this demanded a high degree of organisation and professionalism required to utilise the available machines and firepower to best effect. It would also free transport to support a rapid advance. This badge was adopted in 1940. [62], Once the link-up with the ground forces was effected, the 6th Airborne Division drew its supplies from XII Corps, while the US 17th Airborne Division drew its from the US Ninth Army. It closed in March 1994. Includes two chapters on National Service and professional recruitment after 1945, both of which were issues that influenced force generation in BAOR throughout its existence. The affectionate story of British servicemen and their families who had to make Germany a home from home in the decades after the Second World War. This was never satisfactorily implemented, and confusion and duplication was created by the same requests for additional ammunition being made through multiple channels. [28], On 15 February, the region south of the Seine under British administration by 5th Line of Communications Sub Area and the 101st Beach Sub Area were reduced to the ports of Caen and Ouistreham and the depots around them, while that administered by the 9th Line of Communications Sub Area was handed over to the US Communications Zone, as was the region between the Somme and the Seine administered by the 6th Line of Communications Sub Area, except for the city of Amiens. [5], First established following the Second World War, the forces grew during the Cold War, and consisted, by the early 1980s, of I (BR) Corps made up of four divisions; 1st Armoured Division, 2nd Armoured Division, 3rd Armoured Division and the 4th Armoured Division. [9] This required major operations, and the port was not opened for shipping until 26 November. By this time a thaw had set in, and the ground was now soft and muddy, restricting off-road vehicle movement. LT COL Served from 1974 - 2011 Served in British Army of the Rhine. [60] In the three days preceding the assault, the three hundred and thirty six 25-pounders assigned to the XII Corps fired 225,061 rounds, the sixteen 4.5-inch guns fired 7,002 rounds, the one hundred and sixty 5.5-inch guns fired 69,607 rounds, the fifty two 155 mm howitzers fired 4,335 rounds, the sixteen 7.2-inch howitzer fired 3,964 rounds, and the two 8-inch howitzers 176 rounds. This included 15,000,000 rations, which were gradually eaten by the troops in the RMA. Esempio di frase tradotta: [53], Once the battle commenced on 8 February, the main administrative task was replenishing the stocks of ammunition. The Mediterranean theatre was only able to provide two field bakeries. British Armed Forces Special Vouchers B.A.O.R. [17], The British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) radio services were widely available on FM across north-western Germany. [28][29], At the start of January 1945, British bulk storage facilities were more than sufficient to hold the thirty days' reserve of petrol, oil and lubricants (POL) that Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) stipulated should be held, but the American position was not so good. Work commenced at 09:30, and the bridge was opened for traffic at midnight. No. Two pipelines were laid across the Rhine at Emmerich and were in operation by the end of April. Similar Royal Air Force Germany, Royal Electrical and Mech, British Army, Royal Military Police, Army Air Corps. Look through examples of British Army of the Rhine translation in sentences, listen to pronunciation and learn grammar. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}520734N 84059E / 52.12611N 8.68306E / 52.12611; 8.68306. Part of Ministry of Defence. From 1922 the BAOR was organised into two brigades:[1], The second British Army of the Rhine was formed on 25 August 1945 from the British Liberation Army. this page. History of the british army of the rhine 06 09 14. They only operated until newly constructed bridges were able to take traffic, which occurred about 72 hours into the operation. London and Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 2000. A petrol station company was formed from personnel made surplus by the reorganisation with six platoons, each containing three sections. [73] XII and XXX Corps each formed a bank control group along the lines of the beach groups that had supported the Normandy landings in 1944, but with the logistical elements restricted to the medical, provost and REME components. The second class 40 Bailey pontoon bridge, known as "Blackfriars", was built by the II Canadian Corps Engineers in 50 hours, starting at 10:00 on 26 March. Free shipping for many products! CONTENTS OF EMAILS MAY BE DISPLAYED ON THIS SITE (BUT IN AN ENCRYPTED FORMAT TO DETER SPAMMERS) TO BENEFIT HISTORY. For more information or to contact an Oxford Sales Representative click here. TR. [42] The weight of shell employed would still be formidable; the fire plan still called for 6 tonnes (6 long tons) of shells to be delivered on designated targets, and some would receive up to 11 tonnes (11 long tons). An initial stockpile of 91,000 litres (20,000impgal) was supplied to the unit, followed by daily deliveries of 14,000 litres (3,000impgal) per day. Some 10,000 tonnes (10,000 long tons) of wooden piles, baulks and chesses was assembled for the project. A problem was encountered when defects were discovered in the tensioners of the 29th Armoured Brigade's new Comet tanks. The object sank after being cut loose during an attempt to recover it, and the swimmer was captured. [55], Rising flood waters soon created difficulties. [70] Of the 610 tonnes (600 long tons) of supplies and equipment dropped, 80 per cent was recovered. [51] Each of the assaulting infantry carried five days' supplies, and the armoured divisions carried six. 14 Army Roadhead in the Sulingen area from No. Although our understanding of the service has been considerably deepened by subsequent scholarship, the book provides the broader context for thinking about the army after 1945. WW2 MAPS OF BRUSSELS/BRUXELLES 1944 D/DAY ORIGINAL RARE. [16] The US XVIII Airborne Corps was assigned to the 21st Army Group for the crossing of the Rhine,[17] and again on 25 April for operations between the Elbe and the Baltic Sea. This merely delayed work on the bridge, which was opened to traffic at 20:15. [11] The first phase of this was the transfer of remaining stores to the advanced base. [11] Rhine Garrison, which principally comprised HQ British Forces Germany in the Rheindahlen Military Complex and Elmpt Station (formerly RAF Bruggen), also reduced in size; the HQ moved to Bielefeld in July 2013 and other units returned to the UK. The 18th Line of Communications Sub Area was formed on 25 April and assigned to the First Canadian Army; the 19th joined the 15th; and the 20th relieved the 4th around Brussels, allowing it to take over the region to the north east of Nijmegen. The troops were located principally in the vicinity of Cologne at an approximate cost per month of 300,000. [35] It would be carried out by General Harry Crerar's First Canadian Army, which was built up to a strength of 449,865 personnel through the addition of large numbers of British troops; counting civilians and prisoners of war, the army had a ration strength of 476,193.
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